Csk himachal pradesh krishi vishvavidyalaya drought stress effects and breeding strategies speaker. Drought is an important abiotic stress factor which significantly reduces sustainable crop production. Combined effect of water deficit and salt stress on the. Effects of drought andor high temperature stress on wild wheat relatives aegilops species and synthetic wheats by gautam prasad pradhan b. Metabolic responses to drought stress in the tissues of. Independent and combined drought and heat stress negatively affect wheat yield and physiology. Siddique1 1the uwa institute of agriculture, the university of western australia, 35 stirling highway, crawley wa 6009, australia 5 2department of agronomy, university of agriculture, faisalabad38040, pakistan. Four cultivarskanchan, sonalika, kalyansona, and c306, grown in potswere subjected to four levels of water stress.
Pdf effects of drought stress during seed development. Water stress is the major environmental stresses that affect agricultural production worldwide, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The effect of drought and heat stress on reproductive. So to study the effect of drought stress on leaf chlorophyll content and stress resistance in maize cultivars this experiment was done in ardabil area. Effects of drought stress on wheat triticum aestivum l. Drought was imposed by withholding water until soil water potential reached.
Pdf effects of drought stress condition on the yield and. Drought stress effects on photosynthetic rate and leaf gas exchange characteristics of four wheat cultivars were evaluated under semicontrolled conditions. Wheat is a staple grain food throughout the globe, in oman it is grown on small scale due to prolonged aridity. This study was performed to evaluating the effect of amino acids on leaf chlorophyll content in bread wheat genotypes under drought stress conditions at germination stage, using 11 wheat genotypes.
Under drought stress, h 2 o 2 generated as a result of electron leakage from the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains to oxygen or during. Heat stress in wheat during reproductive and grainfilling phases muhammad farooq,1,2 helen bramley,1 jairo a. Effect of drought stress on different physiological traits in bread wheat. Effects of water stress on germination and growth of wheat. In this study, significant differences were reported in total yield per plant ypp and number of grains per spike ngps amongst different varieties in drought stress. Postanthesis drought stress is one of the main constraints on the production of wheat triticum aestivum l. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate both oxidative stress and the antioxidant response system in leaves from wheat triticum aestivum cv. Buck poncho subjected sequentially to drought and watering.
Plant responses to salt and drought separately are closely related the mechanisms overlap to 1. The study concluded that the severity of drought stress in wheat depends on the growth stage and it increases with an increase in the duration of stress, whereas exogenous ga helped the seedlings. Drought stress can have effects on genes expression, and detection of genes during water stress is crucial to observe their responses. Water stress significantly reduced the plant height, spike length, spikelets per spike, grains per spike and grain weight of all 25 wheat varieties. This research investigated the effect of water deficit on wheat cultivars algaimi, sindy1, sindy2, and habahmar grown in the kingdom of saudi arabia. The effect of mo on nitrate reductase and nitrogenase activities as well as the growth and mineral nutrition of wheat inoculated with azospirillum brasilense in greenhouse pot experiments under drought stress conditions was evaluated. Sohrabi 1 1department of agronomy and plant breeding, faculty of agriculture, university of kurdistan, sanandaj, p. Seed priming is currently a wide used commercial process that accelerates the germination rate and improves seedling uniformity in several crops. Pdf effect of water stress on yield and yield components of wheat. Diverging importance of drought stress for maize and.
During the seedling stage, the plants are sensitive to adverse external factors because the initial performance of plants significantly affects plant growth and development paz and martinezramos 2003. Fischer and maurer 14 old and tall cultivars are less susceptible to drought. Leaf and canopy temperature increased due to drought stress that might have occurred due to increased respiration and decreased transpiration resulting from stomatal closure. Pdf effect of heat and drought stress on the structure and. Effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of.
A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the effect of grain priming treatments on barley grain germination and seedling growth under drought stress imposed by peg6000. Does cyclic water stress damage wheat yield more than a. It is well known that sod, cat and pod enzymes play a significant role in determining response of wheat genotypes to drought stress. Ultrasound on seedling growth of wheat under drought. In this experiment, wheat plants were exposed to drought stress during seed development and then we worked on the obtained seeds. Stress effect on yield components sandhu and hortpn 12 stated that reducing plant height in drought stress may result from low soil moisture storage. The effect of soil moisture stress sms on wheat grain yields and the determination of e t e o. We hypothesize that firstly, the exposure of wheat seedlings to initial drought stress, will enable tolerance to subsequent water deficit. A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the effect of grain priming treatments on barley grain germination and. Pdf drought stress is the most important factor and evergrowing problem limiting wheat triticum aestivum l. Drought stress affects the protein and dietary fiber content. Studied under drought stress were the optimal dose of radiation treatment of wheat seedling leaf relative water content rwc, protein content, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde mda. Plant dry weight and total nyield appeared to be drastically affected by the severe drought stress.
Effect of drought stress on flowering and fertilization. Combined effect of drought and salt on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat has been studied recently 2. Gibberellins play an important role in inducing anthesis during the vegetative growth stage in many species, including leafy vegetables such as lettuce. The effect of drought stress on leaf chlorophyll content and. The effect of either mild drought at elongation or mild waterlogging at heading on wheat yield was not sig nificant. Effect of drought stress on wheat seedling growth and photosynthetic activity. The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth. Pdf effect of drought stress on different physiological. Negative effect of drought on wheat yield has been presented in several studies shah and paulsen, 2003. Drought stress affect wheat productivity grown in dry and semidry areas and reduces plant yield more than any other environmental stress.
The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and. Global synthesis of drought effects on maize and wheat. Effect of drought acclimation on oxidative stress and. Drought stress comprises physical stresses that known as the most important limiting factor for plant growth and yield in most parts of the world. Pdf effect of heat and drought stress on the structure. The effect of water stress on the yield and yield components of durum wheat at different growth stages have been the subject of many studies simane, 1993. Because field screening for postanthesis drought tolerance is difficult, effective and validated methods to simulate drought in order to identify sources of tolerance can facilitate screening of breeding materials. Drought is one of the most important phenomena which limit crops production and yield. Drought stress effects on photosynthetic rate and leaf gas.
Drought stress affects the protein and dietary fiber. Nov 27, 2018 drought water deficits and heat high temperatures stress are the prime abiotic constraints, under the current and climate change scenario in future. Plants vegetative and reproductive stages are intensively influenced by drought stress. Breeding for drought resistance is further complicated since several types of abiotic stress, such as high temperatures, high irradiance, and nutrient toxicities or deficiencies can challenge crop plants simultaneously. Bread wheat, drought stress, relative water content, proline, soluble carbohydrates, chlorophyll 1 summary the experiment carried out in 2007 and 2008 in the dryland agriculture research sub institute sararood, kermanshah, iran in order to study the effects of drought stress on yield. Drought stress during seed development induced some changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure. As drought stress affects seed composition, the main goal of the present study was to determine the effects of drought stress on the content and composition of the grain storage protein gliadin gli, glutenin glu, unextractable polymeric proteins upp% and dietary fiber. Global synthesis of drought effects on maize and wheat production. May 25, 2016 drought has been a major cause of agricultural disaster, yet how it affects the vulnerability of maize and wheat production in combination with several covarying factors i. Both drought and salinization lead to the development of osmotic stress and oxidative stress in plant tis1 sues.
Effects of drought stress on growth and yield of barley. Institute of biotech nology and genetic engineering, kpk agriculture university, peshawer, pakistan. A study of drought stress effect on physiological and. Thousand kernel weights decreased as a result of drought stress in the post anthesis stage table 3.
Heat stress in wheat during reproductive and grainfilling. Canola,drought stress,relative water content,chlorophyll a and b. Effects of drought stress on some agronomic and morphological traits of durum wheat triticum durum desf. However, there is demand to increase area under wheat to make country food secure.
The seed mitochondrial ultrastructure, and antioxidant enzymes in seedling were investigated after exposure to seed accelerated ageing. The results of this study suggested that the amount of antioxidant enzymes determine drought stress tolerance in wheat. The effect of exogenous applications of salicylic acid and molybdenum on the tolerance of drought in wheat fakhriya kareem, hail rihan and michael p fuller school of biological and marine sciences, plymouth university, uk submission. Agronomy free fulltext physiological response of wheat. Drought water deficits and heat high temperatures stress are the prime abiotic constraints, under the current and climate change scenario in future. Effect of terminal drought stress on the germination and growth potential wheat cultivars seeds babak ahadzadeh 1, mohammad zaeifizadeh 1, hossein shahbazi 1, maarefat ghasemi 2 1department of agronomy and breeding, ardabil branch, islamic azad university, ardabil, iran 2ardabil agriculture and natural resources research centre, ardabil, iran. Chemical desiccants are widely used to simulate postanthesis drought. Frontiers heat and drought stresses in crops and approaches. Effects of selenium on wheat seedlings under drought stress. The effect of exogenous applications of salicylic acid and. Pdf effects of drought stress on some agronomic and. While most of our wheat models simulate an effect similar. Effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of the pakistani wheat germplasms.
Wheat is a staple crop where it is used for bread haxaploid wheat and for couscous durum wheat. Drought stress effects on wheat are mitigated by atmospheric. The effect of drought is significant on wheat productivity. This study was designed to identify drought stress resistant varieties of bread wheat and the effect of drought stress on morphological traits and correlations of traits with each other. Wild barley genotypes that came from areas with low water availability had greater osmotic adjustment capacity and greater response to drought stress 11. Effects of preanthesis drought, heat and their combination on the. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of mannitol induced drought stress on seedling traits and protein profile of two wheat cultivars. The effects of drought stress on yield, relative water. Yield components, and yield stability at different growth stages in bread wheat. Drought has been a major cause of agricultural disaster, yet how it affects the vulnerability of maize and wheat production in combination with several covarying factors i. The effect of drought on the water use and yield of two. Pdf effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of the.
The effect of drought stress in dry farming conditions on. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. In years of drought, crop productivity is significantly reduced and thus directly affects the livelihood of farmers and consequently the economy. Heat stress over wheat cropping regions increased significantly in the period 19802010, especially since the mid1990s. The experiment tested the effects of drought at different stages of growth on yield and yield components. Physiological derivations of drought tolerance in wheat. This study used different intensity ultrasound treatments, wheat seedlings in the germination energy, germination rate, growth potential, root length, and number of lateral roots optimal radiation dose selection. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to study the effect of exogenous applications of the antistress compounds, sa and mo, on the.
Considering the entire plant, the effect of a particular stress generally causes. Effect of drought stress on the physiology and yield of the. Drought stress reduced the net leaf photosynthetic rate, leaf transpiration rate and leaf water potential 19. Effect of water stress on growth and water use efficiency. Effect of drought stress on residual transpiration and its. Pdf effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzymes in. Texas, oklahoma and new mexico were most adversely affected. Cooly to evaluate the drought stress impact on wheat plant growthdevelopment and leaf chlorophyll contents. Effect of heat and drought stress on the structure and composition of arabinoxylan and. Effect of water stress on imbibition, germination and seedling growth of maize 166 materials and methods the work presented here deals with the effect of four level of water potential. The 2010 drought was the worst in the last 38 years in russia. Effect of pretreatment of barley grain on germination and.
Common wheat possesses a very complex and huge genome with size of. Automatic plot covers were used in a study of the effects of drought on the yield and water use of two spring wheat genotypes. These results indicate that electron transport activity and the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat seedlings with certain droughtresistance. Effect of drought and uv on pea and wheat 39 in pea plants subjected to drought stress, catalase and sod activities were inhibited and peroxidase activity was stimulated, whereas in wheat plants drought caused a depression in the activities of all three enzymes studied fig. This study indicates that the increase in atmospheric co2 concentration will attenuate the effects of summer drought on wheat grain yield. Effect of terminal drought stress on the germination and. Effect of drought stress on residual transpiration and its relationship with water use of wheat. Wheat yield loss attributable to heat waves, drought and. Blum a has stated drought is a multidimensional stress that affects plants in different levels of organization. The effect of exogenous applications of salicylic acid and molybdenum on the tolerance of drought. Crops demonstrate various morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to tackle drought stress. This work examined the effects of drought and heat stress conditions on grain yield and quality parameters of nine durum wheat varieties, grown during two years 200809 and 200910. Resistance to drought is a quantitative trait, with a complex phenotype, often confounded by plant phenology. Photosynthesis and productivity during hightemperature stress of wheat genotypes from major world regions.
Drought tolerance is a complicated trait which is controlled by polygenes and their expressions. It was also desired to elucidate mechanisms of water stress damage and to identify possible adaptive mechanisms to water stress. Pdf wheat is a staple grain food throughout the globe, in oman it is grown on small scale due to prolonged aridity. Also ibrahimi molla bashi reported that late season drought stress reduces plant height in wheat genotypes. Drought is a wide world problem constraining global crop production seriously. This implies that co2 enrichment enhanced final biomass and grain yield by less than 10% under wellwatered conditions and by more than 44% under drought stress conditions, respectively. Pdf effect of drought stress and gibberellin on some. The effect of drought on the water use and yield of two spring wheat genotypes volume 96 issue 3 p. The effect of drought stress on leaf chlorophyll content. Physiological response of wheat to chemical desiccants. Roles of dehydrin genes in wheat tolerance to drought stress.
In the roots, increasing water stress had a positive effect on betaine content. Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll. Cultivarspecific metabolic responses were exhibited by wheat plants to cope with the effects of drought stress at the tillering and jointing stages. The 2010 drought in russia was very long, intensive, spread over a sizeable area and caused serious damage to the environment, economy and human health. Using a data synthesis approach, this study aims to better characterize the effects of those covarying factors with drought and to provide. Diverging importance of drought stress for maize and winter. As a prominent exception, we have found that in the mediterranean countries drought carries a larger detrimental effect on wheat yield than heat stress. Pdf effects of drought stress on wheat triticum aestivum l. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and. In this research yield and yield components of advanced winter and intermediate wheat genotypes obtained from the cold hardy wheat breeding stations of the country with two advanced genotypes as control were investigated under normal irrigation. Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars a.
Understanding how wheat manages water stress is important for the reclamation of drought prone soils and crop production, and possibly also to discover water stress resistance genes and hence to develop drought. Effects of drought stress on growth and yield of barley 147 stress increased. Physiological and biochemical changes during drought and. Physiological responses include closure of stomata, decrease in the activity of photosynthesis, development of oxidative stress, alteration in the integrity of cell wall, production of metabolites which are toxic and cause plants death, signal recognition of roots, turgor loss and adjustment of osmosis, reduction in water. This phenomenon known as bolting, affects severely the yield and quality of lettuce due to stem. Heat andor drought stress during cultivation are likely to affect the processing quality of durum wheat triticum turgidum l. Frontiers drought orand heatstress effects on seed. Two wheat cultivars janbaz and atta habib were subjected to different mannitol levels 0, 125, 250 and 500 mm under room temperature in petridishes. During the seedling stage, the plants are sensitive to adverse external factors because the initial performance of plants significantly affects plant growth and development paz. Any further increase in the occurrence, and extremity of these stresses, either individually or in combination, would severely reduce the crop productivity and food security, globally. Although, they obstruct productivity at all crop growth.
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